Top Ten Most Evil Dictators of All Time (in order of kill count) – Popten. Some people make horrible decisions, others are just bad presidents, a few are bloodthirsty, many are extremists, a couple are warmongers, and all of these guys are a mix. Ten of our political leaders in the last 1. Where to begin? Maybe an icebreaker for you next dinner party? Did you know the word “genocide” was coined in 1. Armenians were slaughtered haphazardly by Turkish leader Ismail Enver? Until then there was no specific word for it in our language. It makes me think about how much more cognizant we’ve become in this last century to these events. Get the latest news about celebrities, royals, music, TV, and real people. Find exclusive content, including photos and videos, on PEOPLE.com. You ever have that funny friend, the class-clown type, who one day just stopped being funny around you? Did it make you think they were depressed? People will do weird things for free stuff. People will also do weird things on public streaming platforms. And sometimes they’ll do both, such as voluntarily. So, a quick toast between you and I to a more peaceable future where less of what follows below is allowed to happen. Sit back, but don’t relax. Yakubu Gowon (1. 1 million deaths)Breakdown: 1 million civilians on the wrong side of a blockade caused by a war of secession in Nigeria and 1. It starts as many sad stories do with precious beautiful oil. It had been found in the Niger delta where tensions were already high between the Eastern region (led by Ojukwu) and the rest of the country (governed by Yakubu). A dummy agreement was signed between them called the “Aburi Accord”, but it meant nothing to either leader. Yakubu started to put pressure on the region, and tested how much sway he had in the area versus Ojukwu. Well Ojukwu being no slouch declared secession from the rest of Nigeria and became the “Republic of Biafra”. This began a war that caused the deaths of 1. Mengistu Haile Mariam (4. Breakdown: As president of Ethiopia and colonel of “the Derg” (communist militia) Mengitsu systematically killed those against him in the “Red Terror” campaign. Mengistu Haile Mariam is (as in still alive) a politician who presided over Ethiopia from 1.
The way he got into power was by smothering the previous president Haile Selassie although he has denied those rumors. His biggest claim to fame is the Ethiopian Red Terror which was a campaign of repression led by the Derg (communist militia in Ethiopia). In his introductory speech Mengitsu yelled, “Death to counterrevolutionaries! Death to the EPRP!” Then he took three bottles filled with blood and threw them to the ground. It was an auspicious beginning to say the least. Thousands were killed and found dead on the streets in the years that followed. Much of the murdering can be attributed to the friendly neighborhood watch there known as “Kebeles”. As if killing innocents wasn’t enough they would then charge the family a tax to return the dead body to them. The tax was aptly named “the wasted bullet”! Are you serious Mengitsu? However there was an even more gruesome fate of being left on the street where wild hyenas would fight over the dead. The campaign has been described as one of the worst mass murders ever in Africa. Mengitsu is even known to have garroted people to death. Kim Il Sung (1. 6 million deaths)Breakdown: Unpopular among his people Kim used the U. S. He fought for a command economy that allowed the government to make all decisions for the country. For various reasons the people never seemed to love the man, and so his hold on power was tenuous at best. Like most crazies he blamed somebody else, in this case the USA, and said they had spread disease throughout its population. He also pulled a Stalin, and had large- scale purges. His underlying reason was that it would scare people into believing he was telling the truth. Pol Pot (1. 7 million deaths)Breakdown: Forced city folk to relocate to farms and forced them into hard labor. Pol Pot was the leader of the communist movement in Cambodia. He attempted to “cleanse” the country and it resulted in the death of an estimated 1. There was an interesting policy going around called agrarian collectivization which he put into practice in the late 1. Basically it forced city folk to head out to the farms to do some labor and vice versa for farmers. As you might guess, and hindsight is 2. Pol didn’t stop at enslaving his own people though. He also didn’t feed them well, gave them little medical care, and executed many of them. The net result was killing off approximately 1/5 of the Cambodian population! Ismail Enver Pasha (2. Breakdown: 1,2. 00,0. Armenians (1. 91. Greek Pontians and 4. Anatolian Greeks (1. Assyrians (1. 91. He began his career as a Turkish military officer and leader in the Young Turk revolution. Eventually he rose to power and led the Ottoman Empire in both Balkan Wars and World War I. As a war minister Enver was not very useful, and was defeated over and over. His crushing loss at the Battle of Sarikamish needed a scapegoat, and that’s when he decided to blame Armenians for the failure. That is what began what is now known as the Armenian Genocide. The word “genocide” was coined to describe this event. Etymology from Wikipedia: Coined in 1. Raphael Lemkin (1. Polish–Jewishlegalscholar, to describe what the Turkish government (ca 1. Armenian people, now called the Armenian Genocide. From the stem of Ancient Greek (g. Hideki Tojo (5 million deaths)Breakdown: Waged unprovoked wars against China, USA, Netherlands, and France. Hideki Tojo was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. He assumed the position of Prime Minister and held Army Minister concurrently. As if that wasn’t enough he also held other major positions like Home Minister, Foreign Minister, Education Minister, and Commerce Minister. His major contributions to education were teaching militaristic and nationalist indoctrination. His version of homeland security was approving eugenics measures which essentially made a distinction between pure blood and mixed blood Japanese families. During World War II Tojo started winning battles and the public loved him for it. He really bought into the Nazi Kool- aid, and held steadfastly with Germany. When the tide turned, and he began losing, it was devastating. Eventually he went into seclusion. He was tried for war crimes and found guilty of waging wars of aggression, wars in violation of international law, and waging unprovoked war against many countries. Not to mention ordering, authorizing, and permitting inhumane treatment of Prisoners of War. Leopold II of Belgium (2- 1. Breakdown: Created a colony called the “Congo Free State”, enslaved its people, and forced them into labor plants. Leopold II was the King of the Belgians, and believed in colonialism. He thought acquiring colonies overseas was essential to a great country and was always scheming. The problem was Belgium really didn’t care, and so Leopold went into business for himself. He started a company that seemed like it was doing good called the International African Society. A year later he used that company to travel to Congo, laid claim to a plot of land 1. Belgium, and made 1. USA included) that he was free to rule it with his own private militia. He then forced the indigenous populations into forced labor, created a bustling rubber industry, and abused his workers grievously. Missionary John Harris on returning from Congo said: “I have just returned from a journey inland to the village of Insongo Mboyo. The abject misery and utter abandon is positively indescribable.”Estimates of the death toll range from two to fifteen million which could all have been avoided if 1. Adolf Hitler (1. 7 million deaths)Breakdown: Concentration camps and civilians in WWII. Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi Party. He was the absolute dictator of Germany from 1. He gained support by promoting values like German nationalism and anti- semitism. Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1. Third Reich. Hitler was power hungry as all hell, hated the shit out of Jews (and others), and wanted hegemony in Europe. The militarization that was needed to complete such a lofty goal led to the outbreak of World War II. Nazi forces engaged in the systematic murder of as many as 1. Jews, and 1. 5 million Romanis. Jozef Stalin (2. 3 million deaths)Breakdown: The great purges and Ukraine’s famine. Jozef Stalin was the first Secretary of the Communist Party from 1. After Lenin’s death in 1. Soviet Union. Stalin didn’t take long in launching a new economy that screwed up food production across the country so bad it caused massive famine. Between 1. 92. 2- 2. In Ukraine this dark period is known as Holodomor. Its widely believed that Soviet policies caused the famine there and was designed as an attack on Ukrainian nationalism. Estimates on the total number of casualties within Soviet Ukraine range from 2. During the late 1. Stalin launched another wonderfully titled initiative called the Great Purge (also known as the “Great Terror”). It was a paranoid campaign to kill off the people who opposed him, and his targets were often executed. In 1. 93. 9 Stalin agreed to a non- aggression pact with the Nazis. Eventually Germany violated the pact, the Soviet Union joined the allies, and they racked up 2. Mao Zedong (4. 9- 7. Breakdown: Policy reforms like the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. Mao Zedong was a Chinese revolutionary, political theorist, and communist leader who led the People’s Republic of China. Mao, while controversial, is still widely considered a savior of the nation. I did a semester abroad in China in 2. Mao had done 7. 0% – 8. During his first five years from 1. He organized mass repressions, established execution quotas, and defended his actions in these early years as necessary for securing power for “The People’s Republic of China”. His social programs the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution are two of the most ill- fated, poorly named, initiatives ever. The first was an effort to rapidly industrialize China. His focus was on making China a premier exporter of steel, and to this end he asked everybody to make it. The problem was it got many citizens to make smelting shops in their backyards. Not only was the steel of little value, but it was made from everything lying around the house including their own cooking supplies! Murder - Wikipedia. A murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought. Manslaughter is a killing committed in the absence of malice, brought about by reasonable provocation, or diminished capacity. Involuntary manslaughter, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent (mens rea), recklessness. Most societies consider murder to be a very serious crime, and thus believe that the person charged should receive harsh punishments for the purposes of retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, or incapacitation. In most countries, a person convicted of murder generally faces a long- term prison sentence, possibly a life sentence where permitted. In many common law jurisdictions, a person convicted of murder will receive a mandatory life sentence. In jurisdictions where capital punishment exists, the death penalty may be imposed for such an act; however, this practice is now less common. Middle English mordre is a verb from Anglo- Saxon myrdrian and the Middle English noun. At common law, a fetus was not a human being. Murder necessarily required that an appreciable time pass between the formation and execution of the intent to kill. The courts broadened the scope of murder by eliminating the requirement of actual premeditation and deliberation as well as true malice. All that was required for malice aforethought to exist is that the perpetrator act with one of the four states of mind that constitutes . Thus, if the defendant intentionally uses a deadly weapon or instrument against the victim, such use authorizes a permissive inference of intent to kill. An example of this is a 2. California where an individual could be convicted of third- degree murder if he or she kills another person while driving under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or controlled substances. In Australian jurisdictions, the unreasonable risk must amount to a foreseen probability of death (or grievous bodily harm in most states), as opposed to possibility. Importantly, the underlying felony cannot be a lesser included offense such as assault, otherwise all criminal homicides would be murder as all are felonies. As with most legal terms, the precise definition of murder varies between jurisdictions and is usually codified in some form of legislation. Even when the legal distinction between murder and manslaughter is clear, it is not unknown for a jury to find a murder defendant guilty of the lesser offence. The jury might sympathise with the defendant (e. The distinction between first- and second- degree murder exists, for example, in Canadian murder law and third- degree murder is recognized in U. S. Generally, second- degree murder is common law murder, and first- degree is an aggravated form. The aggravating factors of first- degree murder depend on the jurisdiction, but may include a specific intent to kill, premeditation, or deliberation. In some, murder committed by acts such as strangulation, poisoning, or lying in wait are also treated as first- degree murder. This is the crime of wrongfully and intentionally causing the death of another human being (also known as murder) after rationally considering the timing or method of doing so, in order to either increase the likelihood of success, or to evade detection or apprehension. Premeditated murder is one of the most serious forms of homicide, and is punished more severely than manslaughter or other types of murder, often with a life sentence without the possibility of parole, or in some countries, the death penalty. In the U. S, Federal law criminalizes premeditated murder, felony murder and second- degree murder at Title 1. United States Code Section 1. In Canada, the Criminal Code classifies murder as either 1st- or 2nd- degree. The former type of murder is often called premeditated murder, although premeditation is not the only way murder can be classified as first- degree. Common law. An act such as murder is wrong or evil by its very nature. And it is the very nature of the act which does not require any specific detailing or definition in the law to consider murder a crime. In such jurisdictions, what is considered to be murder is defined by precedent case law or previous decisions of the courts of law. However, although the common law is by nature flexible and adaptable, in the interests both of certainty and of securing convictions, most common law jurisdictions have codified their criminal law and now have statutory definitions of murder. Exclusions. However, a self- defence killing might be considered manslaughter if the killer established control of the situation before the killing took place. In the case of self- defence it is called a . Depending on the circumstances, these may or may not be considered criminal offenses; they are often considered manslaughter. Suicide does not constitute murder in most societies. Assisting a suicide, however, may be considered murder in some circumstances. Specific to certain countries. Capital punishment may be ordered by a legitimate court of law as the result of a conviction in a criminal trial with due process for a serious crime. The 4. 7 Member States of the Council of Europe are prohibited from using the death penalty. Euthanasia, doctor- assisted suicide: the administration of lethal drugs by a doctor to a terminally ill patient, if the intention is solely to alleviate pain, in many jurisdictions it is seen as a special case (see the doctrine of double effect and the case of Dr John Bodkin Adams). This may include such actions by the victim as reaching into a glove compartment or pocket for license and registration, if the officer thinks that the victim might be reaching for a gun. Therefore, a murder committed in outer space is subject to jurisdiction in the country that owns the space craft in which the killing transpired. In the event the murder occurred on an extraterrestrial planet (e. The Moon), no country can own land of any other planet . In other words, under the law one cannot murder a corpse, a corporation, a non- human animal, or any other non- human organism such as a plant or bacterium. California's murder statute, Penal Code. Section 1. 87, was interpreted by the Supreme Court of California in 1. The first is a defendant in California can be convicted of murder for killing a fetus which the mother herself could have terminated without committing a crime. This means that a person may be found guilty of . Depression, post- traumatic stress disorder and medication side- effects are examples of conditions that may be taken into account when assessing responsibility. Insanity. Usually, sociopathy and other personality disorders are not legally considered insanity, because of the belief they are the result of free will in many societies. In some jurisdictions, following the pre- trial hearing to determine the extent of the disorder, the defence of . In any prosecution for an offense, it is an affirmative defence that when the defendant engaged in the proscribed conduct, he lacked criminal responsibility by reason of mental disease or defect. Such lack of criminal responsibility means that at the time of such conduct, as a result of mental disease or defect, he lacked substantial capacity to know or appreciate either: 1. The nature and consequences of such conduct; or 2. That such conduct was wrong. Under the French Penal Code: Article 1. A person is not criminally liable who, when the act was committed, was suffering from a psychological or neuropsychological disorder which destroyed his discernment or his ability to control his actions. A person who, at the time he acted, was suffering from a psychological or neuropsychological disorder which reduced his discernment or impeded his ability to control his actions, remains punishable; however, the court shall take this into account when it decides the penalty and determines its regime. Those who successfully argue a defence based on a mental disorder are usually referred to mandatory clinical treatment until they are certified safe to be released back into the community, rather than prison. The United States does not have such a law, but mentally ill mothers may plead not guilty by reason of insanity. A defendant may argue that he or she took precautions not to kill, that the death could not have been anticipated, or was unavoidable. As a general rule, manslaughter. For example, Dan White used this defence. Depending on the jurisdiction, such circumstances may include: Premeditation. Poisoning. Murder of a child. Murder of a police officer. Murder, under English criminal law, always carries a mandatory life sentence, but is not classified into degrees. Penalties for murder committed under aggravating circumstances are often higher, under English law, than the 1. Felony murder rule. Holle was convicted under a legal doctrine known as the felony murder rule. Subject to any statute of limitations, the accused could still be charged with an offence reflecting the seriousness of the initial assault. With advances in modern medicine, most countries have abandoned a fixed time period and test causation on the facts of the case. However, if death occurs three years or more after the original attack then prosecution can take place only with the Attorney- General's approval. In the United States, many jurisdictions have abolished the rule as well. In 2. 00. 1 the Supreme Court of the United States held that retroactive application of a state supreme court decision abolishing the year- and- a- day rule did not violate the Ex Post Facto Clause of Article I of the United States Constitution. He was on trial for murder for the death of Philadelphia police officer Walter Barkley. Barnes shot Barkley on November 2. Barkley died on August 1. Georg Oesterdiekhoff wrote: Evans- Pritchard says about the Nuer from Sudan: . On the contrary, a man who slays another in combat is admired for his courage and skill.
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Mundine v Green fight: Neurosurgeon Charlie Teo invited to hyped boxing rematch. February 0. 2, 2. Anthony Mundine has invited renowned brain surgeon Charlie Teo to his rematch with Danny Green in Adelaide tomorrow night, but the Australian Medical Association is unimpressed and is repeating a call for boxing to be banned. It is understood the invitation was extended by Mundine's agent, who told The Daily Telegraph he wanted the . The Australian Institute of Sport recently launched a study into the link between sports and concussion, saying rates of concussion were increasing. The fight has been billed as Man versus Machine, and comes almost 1. Sydney in 2. 00. 6. Floyd Mayweather watched from ringside as Manny Pacquiao secured victory on his return to the sport, defeating Jessie Vargas via a unanimous decision to reclaim the. Finn Bálor underwent surgery as a result of the injury that forced him to relinquish the WWE Universal Championship on Raw, WWE.com can confirm. 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You can follow him on Facebook for a continual joyride of visual ecstasy. Larceny legal definition of larceny. The unauthorized taking and removal of the. Personal Propertyof another by an individual who intends to permanently deprive the owner of it; a crime against the right of possession. Larceny generally refers to nonviolent theft. It is a common- law term developed by the royal courts of England in the seventeenth century. In the United States, most jurisdictions have eliminated the crime of Larceny from statutory codes, in favor of a general theft statute. The crime of larceny was developed to punish the taking of property in nonviolent face- to- face encounters, and to set it apart from Robbery. Robbery involved some measure of violence in connection with theft, and the courts did not feel that a nonviolent theft should warrant the same punishment. Larceny was nevertheless punished severely. A person convicted of larceny could receive the death penalty or be sentenced to many years in prison. The English courts were careful not to encroach on the lawmaking rights of the British Parliament, so they kept the crime of larceny limited and well- defined. A defendant could be convicted of larceny only if he or she had some physical interaction with the victim; the victim relinquished property that was in the victim's possession at the time of the taking; the defendant was not in lawful possession of the stolen goods at the time of the taking; and the defendant actually carried the property away at the time of the interaction. Over time the English courts recognized the need to expand the concept of larceny. In the absence of legislative action, they created new offenses based on the manner in which the theft was accomplished.
Larceny is the legal term for stealing. Grand larceny is when you take something worth a lot of money, petty larceny when the stolen item is worth relatively little.Shoplifting & Larceny Charges in Connecticut. With video and electronic surveillance growing more common throughout malls, department stores and shopping outlets, so. Middle English; from Anglo-French larcin; from Old French larrecin; from Classical Latin latrocinium; from latrocinari, to rob, plunder; from. Embezzlement was created in the eighteenth century to punish the misappropriation of property after lawful possession. This charge would apply, for example, if a store clerk accepted a customer's money in a legal sale, and then took that money for his or her own use. Embezzlement was punished more severely than larceny because it involved a breach of trust. Larceny by trick was created to punish the taking of property with the owner's consent when that consent was obtained by Fraud or deceit. Before the courts created the offense of larceny by trick, defendants who had swindled their victims were able to argue that they had not committed larceny because the victims had willfully given them property. Shortly after the courts created larceny by trick, they created the crime of obtaining property by False Pretenses. Before, a defendant who induced a person to part with the title to property could escape prosecution because the victim transferred not actual possession of the property but only title to the property. This commercial form of taking was made illegal under the law of false pretenses. The English courts also began to make distinctions based on the value of the stolen property. Grand larceny was any larceny of property worth more than a certain amount of money. Any larceny of property worth less than that amount was called petit larceny and was punished less severely. In time the issue of nonviolent theft became too complex for solution through case law, and the British Parliament began to enact statutes that more clearly defined it. The law of larceny and related offenses was adopted in the United States and remained in effect throughout the country's early history. Then, in the twentieth century, many legislatures abolished it in favor of a broad theft statute. In North Dakota, for example, the crime of theft now includes . Under larceny statutes persons who commit theft can escape punishment if the prosecutor does not choose the correct charge. Under broad theft statutes, prosecutors need only be concerned with the intent to steal and the value of the property involved. In states that have incorporated larceny into a broad theft statute, the punishment for a theft is based largely on the value of the stolen property. In Iowa, for example, theft of property exceeding $1. C felony. A class C felony is punishable by a prison term of up to ten years and a fine of at least $5. Theft of property not exceeding $1. Iowa Code Ann. States that have a theft statute also maintain statutes prohibiting such acts as the unauthorized use of an automobile, forgery, fraud, deceptive business practices, receiving stolen property, extortion, theft of services, and theft of property that was lost, mislaid, or delivered by mistake. Massachusetts is one state that has retained its larceny statutes. The general larceny statute in Massachusetts combines the crime of embezzlement with larceny. Under this statute anyone whosteals, or with intent to defraud obtains by a false pretence, or whoever unlawfully, and with intent to steal or embezzle, converts, or secretes with intent to convert, the property of another . For example, the crime of false pretenses relating to contracts, banking transactions, or credit is specifically defined as larceny (. This statute is necessary because the general larceny statute does not cover such theft. Larceny and theft are distinct from Burglary, which is committed when a person trespasses into a dwelling or other building with the intent to commit a crime. Burglary does not necessarily consist of the taking of property, although the intent to steal can upgrade a criminal charge from trespassing to burglary. Larceny is also different from shoplifting, which involves the theft of property from a place of business. Most states have eliminated the crime of shoplifting along with larceny, embezzlement, false pretenses, and similar offenses, in creating one broad theft statute. In all states larceny and theft are distinct from robbery. Robbery involves the threat of force or the actual use of force in connection with a theft. The line between robbery, and larceny or theft is unsteady. If a perpetrator plies the victim with alcohol or drugs, most courts consider this a form of force that boosts the crime from larceny or theft to robbery. If a perpetrator simply moves a person who is unconscious through no fault of the perpetrator, the movement may not constitute the kind of force that gives rise to robbery. Most courts refuse to convict a defendant of robbery if the victim was unaware of any use of force, but the defendant may be charged with larceny or theft. Larceny and theft generally are a matter of state law. Congress maintains a few federal laws regarding thefts that have federal implications. These statutes include theft at lending, credit, and insurance institutions; theft of interstate shipments of goods; theft on waterways and oceans; and theft by court officers. Further readings. Abramowitz, Elkan. Mail Fraud, RICO, and Justifiable Reliance. Criminal Law: Cases and Materials. Boston: Little, Brown. Rusting, Robert R. The Theft Prevention Guide: For Hospitals, Nursing Homes, and Assisted Living Facilities. Marbelhead, Mass.: Opus Communications. LARCENY, crim. The wrongful and fraudulent taking and carrying away, by. To constitute larceny, several ingredients are necessary. The. intent of the party must be felonious; he must intend to appropriate the. There must be a taking from the possession, actual or implied. There must be a taking against the will of the owner, and this. The taking. must be in the county where the criminal is to be tried. But when the taking has been in the. There must be an actual carrying away, but the slightest. The property taken must be personal property; a man cannot. A. familiar example will illustrate this; an apple, while hanging on the tree. In some states. there are statutory provisions to punish the felonious taking of emblements. Animals ferae naturae, while in the enjoyment of. Pick. At common law, choses in. Larceny is divided in some states, into grand and petit larceny this. Vide 1 Hawk, 1. 41 to 2. Justices, O 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; 2 East's P. Burn's Justice, Larceny; Williams' Justice, Felony; 3. Chitty's Cr. Law, 9. Carrying Away; Invito Domino. Robbery; Taking; Breach, 6. Financial crisis of 2. Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The financial crisis of 2. Europe’s Child-Refugee Crisis At an age when most kids need supervision to do their homework, hundreds of thousands of minors are crossing continents alone. An organization founded in 1981, GMHC offers hands-on support services in New York City and education and advocacy for hundreds of thousands nationwide. Complete coverage on the crisis in Ukraine, including news, pictures & videos related to Russia's occupation. Great Depression. It became prominently visible in September 2. United States- based financial firms. The underlying causes leading to the crisis had been reported in business journals for many months before September, with commentary about the financial stability of leading U. Crisis MagazineS. Most economists believe that it started in the United States. From 1. 99. 7 until 2. Since the money had come from other countries, it was easy to have good credit. People used this credit for expensive home loans. This created an economic bubble which caused the houses' prices to raise. Because they had a lot of money, the loaning companies made it easier to get a loan, even if the borrower didn't have a good credit history. These loans are known as subprime loans. Cuban Missile Crisis; Part of the Cold War: Soviet R-12 intermediate-range nuclear ballistic missile (NATO designation SS-4) in Moscow. Nancy on Crisis Text Line "The beautiful thing about Crisis Text Line is that these are strangers counseling other strangers on the most intimate issues.". New survival seed bank for survival gardening, lets you grow a permanent, full acre crisis garden with non-hybrid survival seeds. Crisis Hotline NumbersThis caused their mortgage to change, giving them lower interest. After they refinanced, homeowners could take out another mortgage to use as spending money. The loaning companies changed their loans so that they had low interest at first, which would increase later. This is known as adjustable rate mortgage. The companies did this to try to convince more people to take loans. Many people with subprime loans also took these adjustable rate mortgages, hoping that the good price of housing would help them refinance later. While the housing prices were still high, many American and European companies, including banks, invested in subprime loans. These investments gave more money to the loaning companies, who used it to give out more subprime loans. An overview of the causes and consequences of the global financial crisis that hit the world in 2008, last updated September 30, 2010. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health problem that can occur after a traumatic event like war, assault, or disaster. PTSD treatment can help. The goal of giving form to a complex situation like the credit crisis is to quickly supply the essence of the situation to those unfamiliar and uninitiated. The opioid epidemic killed more than 33,000 people in 2015. What follows are stories of. These investments would make a lot of money as long as the prices of housing was high. However, the housing companies built too many houses. This caused the price of housing to decrease beginning in the summer of 2. The value of many homes dropped below the value of the remaining mortgage debt, so the owners were unable to sell and move away. This is called negative equity. About 8. 8 million homeowners in the U. S. This caused the number of foreclosures on homes to increase, meaning that many people lost their homes. During 2. 00. 7, almost 1. U. S. The number of houses for sale continued to increase, which made the prices decrease. The homeowners with subprime loans left their houses with less value than they had when they were bought, which meant that the loans were worth more money than the house. The loaning companies were not able to make money from these houses. The collapse of the housing bubble caused the value of investments to fall. The companies that had invested in subprime loans lost a total of about $5. Citigroup and Merrill Lynch were two of the companies which lost the most money. More than half of the money lost, $2. American firms. Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited). Retrieved 2. 00. 8- 1. Global Research (Center for Research on Globalization). Retrieved 2. 00. 8- 1. The Economist (The Economist Newspaper Limited). Retrieved 2. 00. 8- 1. 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Previously, we discussed what to wear on our feet when it’s winter or when you travel to somewhere cold. It was really insightful even for me! If we get a good flush through in October, then November can be a very productive time for coarse fishing on the Wye. The barbel feed on through the autumn, the. Visit Glamour.com for the latest new fashion trends, outfit ideas, celebrity style, designer news and runway looks. The price of boots varies wildly depending on what you want. Simple western boots start at about $50 and can go up to around $1,000. Style Basics 101: Fashion Tips On How to Improve Your Style. Great American Country brings you all things Americana, from shabby chic decorating for home or wedding to southern comfort food and travel tips across the U.S. The Wye and Usk Foundation. December 2. 01. 6 to March 2. My last coarse report was in November 2. A good flush through would have livened things up then, but you have to be careful. It took until the end of Feb for the river settle to a level where it. For what might seem obvious reasons, not many day ticket anglers fish through December and especially the Christmas. Combine this with poor fishing conditions - cold flood water, high pressure, easterly winds, and it's no. We remained positive, however, and hopes were pinned on Janaury and the. New Year. Well, that delivered sub zero temperatures and although this is normally good for pike and. However. cold air temps combined with a coloured and dirty river from melted snow, is just about the kiss of death for. You may ask why did the snow melt if it was so cold? Well, it wasn't quite cold enough for the. Yes, here and there the. We thought we may be in. It wasn't until the 7th or 8th February that things became fishable. No pike or chub to speak of though - there's a few. Personally, I think it's cyclical. There was another cold flood up to the middle of the month, but then followed. C. W from Gloucester caught 1. Courtfield. The beat also produced some steady catches of 3 or 4. Backney, Fownhope 5, The Creel, Middle Hill Court. This is good fishing for the. The 2. 0th Feb was a good date for PL & friend from Spalding on The Creel. As we looked forward to a steady run up to the closed season, along came Doris with shower after shower and a. These winter storms from the Atlantic usually arrive delivering. The reason eventually became clear - The Elan dams were. Caban Coch dam - a wave of water was then forced over the lip. Afon Elan, before reaching. Wye. Yes we had a lot of rain, but the spike was tremendous as can. With the flood came the usual. The silver lining I always consider with a flood is that. The river didn't make it over the banks this winter, which is unusual in any year, but I think it was. I've ever known. Just before Doris I was aware of a few anglers up and down the river doing rather well fishing maggots. I rarely barbel fish in winter unless we have a definitive warm flood and all. I had to see it for myself. Armed with a couple of pints of. I. headed out and caught several fine conditioned barbel. Maybe I'll rethink packing the barbel rods away. The thing about fishing maggots is if there are any dace and grayling around, you'll. Grayling are certainly more ubiquitous in lower river. I'm not sure fishing for them will ever be as prolific as upstream. Onto the end of season catches and it certainly was very productive for some.. MK from Boston followed catching 5 barbel from Fownhope 5, with 1. Courtfield the very next day. Middle. Hill Court also continued its return to summer & autumn form, MG from Little Hadham catching 7 barbel on the. RW from Cadman catching 1. At the same time NH from Aldershot was catching 7 barbel from. Backney. It's great to see someone reporting back catching a few on White House too, AP from Woodford Green. I've always liked this fishery, and would fish there any day of the week, but for some reason. Access is good, fishing is good, scenery spectacular. If you haven't fished there I. Courtfield finished the season well with an 1. CS from Yatton. How Caple Court also. Middle Hill Court produced 1. NS from Shepperton on the. LM from Wirral caught 9 on Sugwas Court, actually just about everywhere got a taste of. March, which was great to hear. Probably the catch of the winter was Thomas Macdonald- Ames's pike from the upper river, un- weighed but. It was a beast of a fish to such a young man, well done to him. Now the long wait to June, but it will be upon us before we know it. If you haven't booked any fishing yet I urge. In the meantime. there's some stillwater action to be had for sure - Trelough and Quabs is where I'll be hoping to catch some. As always I strongly recommend that if you haven't already, pick yourself up a fly rod. November 2. 01. 6If we get a good flush through in October, then November can be a very productive time for. Wye. The barbel feed on through the autumn, the small fish get shoaled. If, however. you get what we just had - low, clear, cold, and in need of that flush through - then the river can. This was one of the most spectacular autumns I can remember, but the. A theory behind that is the sheer quantity of leaves and twigs in the. Contrary to this there are those notable days when the river comes . Pike. attack bait fish, owls hoot in broad daylight, salmon crash and kingfishers flash past. On. these days the fishing anticipation is heightened and why shouldn't it? It makes perfect sense. All. of nature is . We had a few days like that this month and I should take more. I remember saying many times in the past that it's as if we've got some cold. Minus 6 for several days, hale showers, snow, frosts etc. Chub fishing did pick up for a short time and I experienced a particularly good session on the. Back in the summer I spotted a shoal of. Hoping they were still there, I fed maggots mid river for over. One. fish later and another bumped and it was clear something wasn't right. To cut a long story short I had to cast. But the. results were pretty awesome - half a dozen fish later I'd banked a chub that was an ounce short of my p. Bronze as a bronze thing, shiny and bright. The Creel fished well. Backney, but otherwise the river generally slowed down. We. had a huge flood at the end of the month (there's a graph below of one of those spikes). If we'd. had it in October then I think it would have been an awesome November. Instead it's left. There's been a notable increase in bankside trees falling in. I think this is just coincidental. I. think this is cyclical and just like the weed, which I hope will come back in full bloom next. What the lack of weed in the last couple of seasons has meant is the fish have pushed into the margins. The Wye has never really been a marginal river when it comes to barbel, but I think this has. Another recent change we've noticed is that grayling have started showing up in catch. I've always caught one or two but there's definitely an increase this year. Don't. get me wrong, they're not prolific and it's not reasonable to target. It was the Wye Champs at the start of the month and although . This competition is always an interesting measure of how the coarse fish stocks are and. There's also some decent roach showing up and this is exciting for the. Perch in the reaches outside of the towns are harder to come by, but they are there and a recommended method is to. The problem with perch is they're either really on or really off, so just because you don’t catch. It's something I plan on doing more of this winter so hopefully there'll be. New Year. Dawn and dusk are the best times for perch and fishing at this time of year in general is great because. Although the days are shorter, you get to fish the two best. Yes, the cost of the day ticket is the same for a shorter day but it's. Nearly all WUF beats are now open for bookings for 2. I look after. are too, so please check your diary and start getting those dates in. The popularity of the. Wye is going from strength to strength and dates are booking up. One exciting new fishery to explore is Marsh Court, a few. Hereford. This one has huge potential and I look forward to reporting on. I expect my next report will be after January now as December and January will combine. On that. note I'll say good luck if you do manage to get. Watch out for slippery banks following any flooding and please keep the feedback. October 2. 01. 6This time last year we experienced low water with incredibly clear conditions. Well, this year we had. Whereas last year the. I tried, other. anglers tried, and no matter what we did, the barbel really didn't get going until the last hour. The catches were still steady throughout the river though, as one would expect, but. TW from Preston caught 4. Fownhope 5 and ME from Stanwell reported 5. Perryhill. Otherwise, there weren't. By no means was the fishing poor and I guess this just goes to show how. There was a drop in temperature and a small flood but fishing neither really. The temps did pick up on the 1. Dace fishing never really got going. There were two beats that perhaps stood out and that was Middle Hill. Court and the Creel - they've both fished really well this year. We received the following report from an angler at Whitehouse, which is really a true reflection of what. I think, well worth a read. Booked as part of anniversary weekend for me and my wife Becci hoping she could finally. Track down the field was a bit ropey in my estate car and better suited a 4x. I'd think twice before heading down there in a non- 4x. I'm sure the farmer would let you park at the top and walk down if you asked nicely. Read a few reports about lack of swims - I can assure people that there are plenty of swims, at least in the relatively. Some towards the upper end are a little bit difficult but there is more accessible water. If you want perfectly manicured swims I suggest. Absolutely nothing wrong with this beat. Now the fishing - first fish out was an 8lb 3oz barbel to my wife. Hearing her nervous giggling as the reel screamed. After that it all went very quiet apart from the odd salmon jumping and a few pike hitting. I had one at 7lb 1oz. We finished with 4 barbel each, lost a couple, had a 4lb. If we'd moved earlier / had longer before dark. Also watched a kingfisher feeding throughout. One of my best fishing days ever and over the moon that my wife managed to catch her first barbel and. Barbel ranged from 4lb up to 8lb 3oz. Great day, thanks to beat owner and WUF. It is worth noting the. In recent years, EA and NRW bailiffs have really only been concerned with the. However, I'm glad to say. In times of The rod room of the Royalty Fishery on the Hampshire Avon. In the meantime, here is WUF's advice if encountering either type of offence. There is. little that can be done about these incidents several days afterwards. Plan where to go with our maps of Alaska, from its highways to its cities, parks, and trails.Results Search. All material Copyright . Enjoy 23 miles of beautiful Florida beaches, including Deerfield, Hillsboro, Pompano, Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, Fort Lauderdale, Dania, Hollywood and Hallandale. Charleston History Tour Package from Myrtle Beach. Enjoy a scenic journey to one of America's greatest historic treasures - Charleston, South Carolina, for a day of. Water Taxi Service from Alexandria to MGM National Harbor. 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Life, Water and Robots on the Red Planet. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. Another name for Mars is the Red Planet, and if you’ve ever seen it in the sky when the planet is bright and close to Earth, it appears like a bright red star. A low-cost Mars sample-return mission could use a souped-up Dragon capsule from SpaceX and the firm's Falcon Heavy rocket to get to the Red Planet by the early 2020s. Befitting the red planet's bloody color, the Romans named it after their god of war. The Romans copied the ancient Greeks, who also named the planet after their god of war, Ares. Other civilizations also typically gave the planet names based on its color — for example, the Egyptians named it . The soil of Earth is a kind of regolith, albeit one loaded with organic content. According to NASA, the iron minerals oxidize, or rust, causing the soil to look red. View our complete inventory of Fine, Untreated, Oxblood Red Coral: The Vedic Astrological Gemstone for Mars. NASA.gov brings you the latest images, videos and news from America's space agency. Get the latest updates on NASA missions, watch NASA TV live, and learn about our. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the seventh largest.Mars (Greek: Ares) is the god of War. The planet probably got this name due to its red color; Mars is. Geology. The cold, thin atmosphere means liquid water currently cannot exist on the Martian surface for any length of time. This means that although this desert planet is just half the diameter of Earth, it has the same amount of dry land. Olympus Mons is roughly 1. Mount Everest, while the Valles Marineris system of valleys — named after the Mariner 9 probe that discovered it in 1. Mars and close to the width of Australia or the distance from Philadelphia to San Diego. Space. com Exclusive T- shirt. Available to Populate Mars. It is a shield volcano, with slopes that rise gradually like those of Hawaiian volcanoes, and was created by eruptions of lavas that flowed for long distances before solidifying. Mars also has many other kinds of volcanic landforms, from small, steep- sided cones to enormous plains coated in hardened lava. Some minor eruptions might still occur on the planet. Individual canyons within the system are as much as 6. They merge in the central part of the Valles Marineris in a region as much as 3. Large channels emerging from the ends of some canyons and layered sediments within suggest the canyons might once have been filled with liquid water. Some channels can be 6. Water may still lie in cracks and pores in underground rock. The lowest of the northern plains are among the flattest, smoothest places in the solar system, potentially created by water that once flowed across the Martian surface. The northern hemisphere mostly lies at a lower elevation than the southern hemisphere, suggesting the crust may be thinner in the north than in the south. Get information, facts, photos, news, videos, and more about planet Mars from National Geographic. Directed by Harry Horner. With Peter Graves, Andrea King, Herbert Berghof, Walter Sande. An American scientist is able to contact and communicate with Mars with. This difference between the north and south might be due to a very large impact shortly after the birth of Mars. Much of the surface of the southern hemisphere is extremely old, and so has many craters — including the planet's largest, 1,4. Hellas Planitia — while that of northern hemisphere is younger and so has fewer craters. Some volcanoes have few craters, which suggests they erupted recently, with the resulting lava covering up any old craters. Some craters have unusual- looking deposits of debris around them resembling solidified mudflows, potentially indicating that impactor hit underground water or ice. Polar caps. Vast deposits of what appear to be finely layered stacks of water ice and dust extend from the poles to latitudes of about 8. These were probably deposited by the atmosphere over long spans of time. On top of much of these layered deposits in both hemispheres are caps of water ice that remain frozen all year round. Additional seasonal caps of frost appear in the wintertime. These are made of solid carbon dioxide, also known as . The dry ice layer appears to have a fluffy texture, like freshly fallen snow, according to the report in the Journal of Geophysical Research- Planets. Credit: Space. com Store Climate. Mars is much colder than Earth, in large part due to its greater distance from the sun. The average temperature is about minus 8. Fahrenheit (minus 6. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is commonly referred to as the Red Planet. The rocks, soil and sky have a red or pink hue. The distinct red color was. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, after Mercury. Named after the Roman god of war, it is often referred to as. Mars is the fourth planet from the sun. Befitting the red planet's bloody color, the Romans named it after their god of war. The Romans copied the ancient Greeks, who. Celsius), although they can vary from minus 1. F (minus 1. 25 C) near the poles during the winter to as much as 7. F (2. 0 C) at midday near the equator. The density of the atmosphere varies seasonally, as winter forces carbon dioxide to freeze out of the Martian air. The red planet also causes water- ice snow to fall from the clouds. One theory as to why dust storms can grow so big on Mars starts with airborne dust particles absorbing sunlight, warming the Martian atmosphere in their vicinity. Warm pockets of air flow toward colder regions, generating winds. Strong winds lift more dust off the ground, which in turn heats the atmosphere, raising more wind and kicking up more dust. Orbital characteristics. The axis of Mars, like Earth's, is tilted with relation to the sun. This means that like Earth, the amount of sunlight falling on certain parts of the planet can vary widely during the year, giving Mars seasons. When Mars is closest to the sun, its southern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, giving it a short, very hot summer, while the northern hemisphere experiences a short, cold winter. When Mars is farthest from the sun, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, giving it a long, mild summer, while the southern hemisphere experiences a long, cold winter. Composition & structure. Atmospheric composition (by volume). Magnetic field: Mars currently has no global magnetic field, but there are regions of its crust that can be at least 1. Earth, remnants of an ancient global magnetic field. Chemical composition: Mars likely has a solid core composed of iron, nickel, and sulfur. The mantle of Mars is probably similar to Earth's in that it is composed mostly of peridotite, which is made up primarily of silicon, oxygen, iron and magnesium. The crust is probably largely made of the volcanic rock basalt, which is also common in the crusts of the Earth and the moon, although some crustal rocks, especially in the northern hemisphere, may be a form of andesite, a volcanic rock that contains more silica than basalt does. Internal structure: Scientists think that on average, the Martian core is about 1,8. Orbit & rotation. Average distance from the sun: 1. By comparison: 1. Earth. Perihelion (closest): 1. By comparison: 1. Earth. Aphelion (farthest): 1. By comparison: 1. Earth. The moons of Mars. The two moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos, were discovered by American astronomer Asaph Hall over the course of a week in 1. Hall had almost given up his search for a moon of Mars, but his wife, Angelina, urged him on — he discovered Deimos the next night, and Phobos six days after that. He named the moons after the sons of the Greek war god Ares — Phobos means . They are tiny next to Earth's moon, and are irregularly shaped, since they lack enough gravity to pull themselves into a more circular form. The widest Phobos gets is about 1. Deimos gets is roughly nine miles (1. The surface of Phobos also possesses an intricate pattern of grooves, which may be cracks that formed after the impact created the moon's largest crater — a hole about 6 miles (1. Phobos. They always show the same face to Mars, just as our moon does to Earth. They may have been asteroids captured by Mars' gravitational pull, or they may have been formed in orbit around Mars the same time the planet came into existence. Ultraviolet light reflected from Phobos provides strong evidence for its capture origin, according to astronomers at the University of Padova in Italy. Within 5. 0 million years, Phobos will either smash into Mars or break up and form a ring of debris around the planet. One NASA plan envisions bombarding Phobos with small, spiky spherical rovers called hedgehogs. Credit: Karl Tate, SPACE. Research & exploration. The first person to watch Mars with a telescope was Galileo Galilei, and in the century after him, astronomers discovered its polar ice caps. In the 1. 9th and 2. Mars, hinting at civilization, although later these often proved to be mistaken interpretations of dark regions they saw. They revealed Mars to be a barren world, without any signs of the life or civilizations people had imagined there. In 1. 97. 1, Mariner 9 orbited Mars, mapping about 8. It took the first close- up pictures of the Martian surface but found no strong evidence for life. A small robot onboard Pathfinder named Sojourner — the first wheeled rover to explore the surface of another planet — ventured over the planet's surface analyzing rocks. It remains uncertain whether more water lies underneath, since the probe cannot see water any deeper. In 2. 00. 8, NASA sent another mission, Phoenix, to land in the northern plains of Mars and search for water. Two orbiters — NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and ESA's Mars Express — are keeping Mars Odyssey company over the planet. In 2. 01. 1, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission, with its rover named Mars Curiosity, began to investigate Martian rocks to determine the geologic processes that created them and find out more about the present and past habitability of Mars. Among its findings is the first meteorite on the surface of the red planet. A workshop group of government, academic, and industry scientists have found that a NASA- led manned mission to Mars should be possible by the 2. But NASA isn’t the only one with Martian astronaut hopefuls. The Mars One colony project is looking to send private citizens on a one- way trip to the red planet. Possibility of life. Mars could have once harbored life. Some conjecture that life might still exist there even today. A number of researchers have even speculated that life on Earth may have seeded Mars, or that life on Mars seeded Earth. Geologist David Mc. Kay at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston and his colleagues focused on rocks blasted off the surface of Mars by cosmic impacts that landed on Earth. Within they found complex organic molecules, grains of a mineral called magnetite that can form within some kinds of bacteria, and tiny structures that resembled fossilized microbes. However, these claims have proven controversial, and there is no consensus as to whether they are signs of life. Although the red planet is a cold desert today, researchers suggest that liquid water may be present underground, providing a potential refuge for any life that might still exist there. The rover Curiosity has found evidence for a lake that could have once supported life on the red planet, after previously establishing that the planet had the key ingredients present for life to evolve. |